Background: Head trauma is a leading cause of disability and death in developing countries. The golden hour is period of time lasting for one hour or less following a traumatic injury during which there is argent need for prompting care of the patients to improve outcome and prevent death. The nurses’ performance playing a vital role in reducing the morbidity and mortality of patients with head trauma. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of educational guidelines on nurses’ performance regarding patients with head trauma during golden hour at emergency department in Zagazig University hospitals. Research design: A quazi experimental design was utilized to achieve the aim of this study. Setting: The study was conducted in ED at the emergency hospital, Zagazig University Hospitals. Sample: a convenience sample of all available nurses working in ED. Tools of data collection: Self-administered questionnaire, observational checklists, and nurses’ attitude assessment likert type rating scale were used. Results: 57.1% of the studied nurses aged more than 25yrs and 97% were male. There were statistically significant improvements in total of nurse’s knowledge 65.7% compared to pretest 14.3%, practice 77.1% posttest compared to pretest 22.9%, and attitude 57.1% posttest compared to pretest 8.6%. Conclusion: the education guidelines program had a significant positive effect on improving nurse’s knowledge, practice, and attitude regarding patients with head trauma during a golden hour. It is recommended to continuous in-service training programs for the purpose of refreshing, updating the nurse’s knowledge and practice regarding patients with head trauma during golden hour.