Abstract: |
Introduction
Autism disorder is one of the widespread neurodevelopmental disorders that afflicts the child at a young age, and it has a negative impact on the various aspects
of the child's development, and it shows clear deficiencies in the social, linguistic
and emotional fields and hinders the normal development of communication. Much
attention has been directed to research into knowing its causes and characteristics,
and how to rehabilitate its parents. Despite the positive results that have been
reached, it is still one of the disturbances for which there is no agreement on the
factors leading to it.
Autism disorder is a disorder in the neurodevelopment of the brain, which appears
in the form of restricted and repetitive patterns of behaviors and activities, and affects any person regardless of his gender, race, or social and economic status, and
the probability of male injury is four to five times more than that of females, and
perhaps the main reason Behind the interest of all countries of the world in autism
disorder; It is becoming prevalent at an alarming rate.
Stereotypical, repetitive, and useful behaviors, activities, and interests, or what is
known as self-regulation, are among the basic characteristics that characterize autism, as they include behaviors that are considered unusual and strange in nature,
because their origin and function are incomprehensible. Left and right, rotating
things, snapping fingers.
Autism disorder is characterized by abnormal functions in three main areas of development before the age of three years, in reciprocal social interaction, communication, and repetitive stereotypical behaviour.
Problem
The study problem can be formulated in the following questions:
What is the effectiveness of a training program based on the Wilburger Protocol
strategy for sensory integration in reducing the severity of some tactile defensive
Summary
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behaviors for children with autism disorder? Several sub-questions fall under this
main question:
1- Do children of the experimental and control groups differ in reducing the
level of tactile defensive behaviors for children with autism disorder in postmeasurement?
2- Do the children of the experimental group differ in reducing the level of tactile defensive behaviors for children with autism disorder in the pre and post
measurements?
3- Do the children of the experimental group differ in reducing the tactile defensive behaviors of children with autism for the post and follow-up measurements?
Objectives of study
The current study aimed to identify the extent of the effectiveness of the Wilberger
Protocol sensory integration strategy in reducing the negative tactile defensive behaviors of children with autism disorder, the extent to which children with autism
disorder benefit from it, and the follow-up effect for children after the end of the
program.
The importance of studying
1- To identify the effectiveness of a training program based on the Wilberger
Protocol strategy for sensory integration in reducing the severity of some
negative tactile defensive behaviors for children with autism disorder.
2- Helping children with autism to regulate their reactions.
3- Helping children with autism not to be afraid of familiar or other tactile
stimuli.
4- Helping children with autism to calm down their emotional behaviors.
5- 5- Helping children with autism on the importance of the sense of touch and
making good use of it.
6- The community, the benefit of parents, and researchers in identifying Wilberger's strategy in reducing behaviors.
Summary
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Study assignments
In light of the above, the following study hypotheses can be formulated as answers
to the research problem raised:
1- There are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the
children of the experimental group and the control group in reducing the
level of tactile defensive behaviors of children with autism disorder in the
post-measurement in favor of the experimental group.
2- There are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the
children of the experimental group and the control group in reducing the
level of tactile defensive behaviors of children with autism disorder in the
pre and post measurements in favor of the experimental group.
3- There are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the
children of the experimental group and the control group in reducing the tactile defensive behaviors of children with autism disorder in the post and follow-up measurements.
Study determinants
The current study relied on the experimental method. The study sample consisted
of (10) children with autism, their ages ranged between (6-8) years, with an arithmetic mean of (30.7) and a standard deviation of (0.82). The study tools consisted
of the Stanford-Binin Intelligence scale. (Fifth picture) (Safwat Farag Standardization, 2011, Gilliam’s Estimated Scale for Diagnosing Symptoms and Severity of
Autism Disorder, Third Edition “3-GAR” (Prepared by: Adel Abdullah Muhammad, and Abeer Abu Al-Magd Muhammad 2020), Tactile Defensive Behaviors
Scale (Prepared by: Adel Abdullah Mohamed, Abdel-Azim Mohamed El-Sayed),
and the training program for the Wilburger strategy (prepared by: Adel Abdullah
Mohamed, Abdel-Azim Mohamed El-Sayed). The current study was applied on a
sample of children with autism within the Center of Excellence in the village of
Berdin, Zagazig Center, Sharkia Governorate.
Results
The results of the study revealed the effectiveness of the training program based on
the Wilberger sensory integration strategy for children with autism disorder, and its
effect continued after the end of the program and during the follow-up period. The
study concluded the importance of using the Wilberger strategy for sensory integration in children with autism disord
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