Abstract: |
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Introduction
Autism is a generalized or pervasive developmental disorder, and the term generalized and
pervasive developmental disorder is currently used to refer to severe problems that begin to
appear during early childhood. Of course, a general delay occurs in the entire developmental
process, which leaves negative effects on many different aspects of development, in addition to
the fact that a child with a disorder suffers from deficiencies in the social aspect, as a result of
which he is forced to withdraw from social interactions and situations. Also, autism is one of the
disorders that It is still witnessing great interest among researchers and specialists alike, due to
the ambiguity and difference in the causes and educational and rehabilitative programs.
A child with autism disorder shows a disturbance in communication skills with others and an
inability to adapt socially, which makes it difficult for the child to integrate into social life, and
difficulties in the skill of verbal and non-verbal expression. Communication also expresses the
individual's ability to understand and use patterns of verbal communication, and to convey
information and ideas. Feelings and attitudes between individuals. Communication and language,
both verbal and non-verbal, are among the main problems that characterize a child with autism.
Children with autism are unable to use language to express their interests and needs, and they do
not turn towards the sound when calling them, and they do not look at who is looking. Or turns to
them, just as they lack spontaneous speech or spontaneity in speech, and they do not initiate the
conversation unless the other party starts talking to them and directs them to speak, in addition to
the problems that hinder their acquisition of many basic concepts that help them communicate
and deal with others.
The use of language games is of great importance in learning the language and improving the
language performance of children, as language games work on learning the language and
acquiring its various skills. And since language learning requires a great deal of intensive training
in order for the child to be able to use it and develop its skills, language games that are well
chosen to suit the specific goals allow children to train in the four language skills (listening,
speaking, reading, and writing), as well as It employs useful language well within real-world
contexts. It also usually stimulates children's motivation to learn the language, and encourages
them, on the other hand, to achieve social interactions and communicate with others using
language. Language games usually help children to maintain the impact of training and learning
for long periods, and work to find meaningful and meaningful contexts in which to use language.
Based on this, the use of active play, language games, educational games, or language educational
games would contribute effectively to acquiring linguistic concepts for children with autism, or
providing them with vocabulary, or receptive and expressive language skills, and developing
them in a manner that enables these children From using them in different social contexts, which
can help in developing the linguistic level on their part.
The study Problem
The problem was felt by looking at previous research and studies that dealt with the variables of
the study together, as it turned out that there is a lack of studies that dealt with language games in
improving communication skills for children with autism disorder in the Arab environment,
within the limits of the researcher's knowledge, and a great interest appeared By researchers to
provide communication skills for children with autism disorder. Communication and language,
both verbal and non-verbal, are among the main problems that characterize a child with autism.
They stop using language to express their interests and needs, and appear as if they are deaf or
blind so that they do not turn towards the sound when they are called.
The problem of the current study can be formulated in the following main question:
ملخص الدراس _____________________________________________________________
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What is the effectiveness of a language games training program in improving the
communication skills of children with autism?
Objectives of the study
Improving the communication skills of children with autism through language games.
To identify the extent of the effect of the language games training program on children with
autism disorder during the follow-up period.
The importance of studying
Shedding light on the communication skills of children with autism and working on improving
them.
Shedding light on the importance of language games in improving the communication skills of
children with autism.
Providing those responsible for preparing educational and educational programs for these
children and those working with them with a program of language games to improve
communication skills that is used in various data such as (school, center, home), commensurate
with the characteristics of this category of these children.
The results of the current study are useful in the work of counseling programs for parents,
which contribute to improving communication skills, relying on language games.
The study sample
The study sample consisted of (14) children with autism, whose ages ranged from (6-9) years, in
Zagazig, Sharkia Governorate.
Study methodology: The experimental method was used.
Study tools
The tools of the study were the Stanford-Binet intelligence scale, fifth image (prepared by
Mahmoud Abu El-Nil, 2011), the estimated Gilliam scale for diagnosing the symptoms and
severity of autism disorder (prepared by Adel Abdullah, and Abeer Abu Al-Magd 2020), and the
language scale (Arabization / Ahmed Abu Hasiba, 2013), the communication skills scale
(prepared by Adel Abdullah and Nourhan Gamal Saad El-Din, 2023), and the training program
(prepared by Adel Abdullah and Nourhan Gamal Saad El-Din, 2023).
Statistical methods
Wilcoxon rank signs test for correlated scores, to calculate the difference between the mean of the
ranks of pairs of correlated scores, and the Mann-Whitney test, through the statistical software
package for the social sciences known as SPSS.
Results
- There are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental and
control groups in communication skills in favor of the experimental group.
- There are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the pre and post
measurements in the communication skills of the experimental group in favor of the post
measurement.
- There are no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the post and followup measurements in the communication skills of the experimental group
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