Evaluation of outcomes in patients having vascularized vs non-vascularized grafts in Endoscopic Endonasal Approach for skull base reconstruction. تقييم النتائج باستخدام الأرفف الوعائية والأرفف الغير وعائية فى اعادة بناء قاع الجمجمة باستخدام المنظار عن طريق الانف.

In general, minor defects and low-grade CSF leak, may be successfully reconstructed safety with autologous non vascularized grafts or manufactured substitutes or both. As the extent of defects increases and higher CSF grade, a larger pedicled vascularized flap may, may be required as a part of multilayer technique for best results outcome. However, both of them are considered safe, feasible, and effective methods for skull base repair.