تأثير برنامج مقترح بإستخدام الإنفوجرافيك على بعض المهارات الاساسيه والتحصيل المعرفى فى رياضة المبارزة

Introduction and research problem: The current era is witnessing tremendous scientific and technological progress in all fields, and there has become more awareness that the progress achieved by countries in the field of sports is a true reflection of the scientific progress they have reached. Therefore, interest in the field of physical education has increased, and developed countries have provided all ways and means to Achieving its goals, which prompted the researchers to identify the best methods and methods that can be used in developing the physical, skill, cognitive and emotional aspects of the learner in the shortest time and with the least effort. Recent trends in the educational process focused on self-learning and his ability to acquire the experiences provided by the educational situation, and to benefit from all the data in the educational environment to make the learner more positive and able to achieve the required educational goals, which was reflected in the emergence of new methods in teaching methods based on The activity of the learner is in the first place so that the learner teaches himself with the help of the teacher. (Ghadeer Ezzat, 1, 2020) In light of recent trends regarding the use of technology and its techniques in all aspects of life, we also find that traditional teaching methods and methods have received a great deal of attention in this regard, and relying on e-learning has become one of the requirements to keep up with our current era in order to face rapid and successive scientific changes. Therefore, those in charge of the educational process find it necessary to deal with renewable technological systems and arts in an effort to develop the capabilities of their students and qualify them to deal with the variables of the technological age that requires teaching the student how to obtain knowledge for himself from its various sources, and thus the need came to develop accurate educational models that envisage the rational exploitation of computer and information technologies. Such as infographic technology, multimedia, and instructional design skills, and employing them in an optimal way in the teaching and learning process. (Muhammad Darwish, 2016, 18) Gregory Howes, Kate Stevenson (2021), and Muhammad Shaltout (2014) agree that the infographic technology with its various designs has appeared in an attempt to add a new visual form for collecting and displaying information or transferring data in attractive images to the learner, as infographic designs work to change The style of thinking towards complex data and information. Infographic technology also helps in presenting the school curricula in a new and interesting way. Therefore, it is necessary to search for a new way to apply this technology in serving the educational process and integrating it into the curricula. (Gregory Howes, Kate Stevenson 2021) (Muhammad Shaltout, 2014, 6) Tamer Al-Maghawry, Yasser Al-Hamidawy (2018) agree with Buket, A & Pinar N (2014) that infographic design is a technical term that refers to transforming complex information and data into visual graphics that are easy for those who see them to understand without the need to read many texts. It is considered one of the most important and effective means these days and the most attractive one for presenting information, as it combines ease, speed, and suspense in presenting the information and communicating it to the recipient. He adds both M. N. Mohd Amin (2015) and Muir, I.L., Munroe-Chandler, K.J (2020) that the infographic design is a visual representation of data and information that is designed to allow the reader to absorb and understand information and knowledge clearly and quickly. (Muir, I.L., Munroe-Chandler, K.J 2020) Hagemann, G. et all (2021), Somaya Fathy (2019), Tariq Abdel Raouf (2018) and Moataz Essa (2014) believe that infographics is a technical term that refers to the conversion of complex information and data into pictorial graphics that are easy for those who see it to understand clearly and interestingly. Without the need to read a lot of texts, which provides effective visual communication between the sender and the receiver, which is reflected in the psychological and mental characteristics of the learner. (Hagemann, G. et all 21, 2021) (Moataz Essa, 2014, 3) There is no doubt that the strategies of modern learning methods have become more focused on making a large part of the responsibilities and decisions of learning available to the learner as the focus of the educational process, which was greatly reflected in the need to pay attention to mental abilities during the learning process and to find new ways to stimulate these capabilities. Through teaching the subject of fencing in the college, the researcher noticed that many students, especially the students of the first year, do not have the ability to absorb the sport of fencing and the difficulty in reaching the ideal performance of the skill, as well as the inability to attract the interest of the students to participate effectively, which led to the lack of performance and also the unnoticed progress in the skill aspects. The researcher believes that the infographic seeks to integrate technological innovations in addition to the artistic and creative sense in presenting information in a new, concise, coherent and interesting way in the form of pictures, static and moving graphics, and video clips, and that the use of educational means and different learning technologies in designing different educational programs is effective in motor learning for the sport of fencing. It was necessary to use educational means that allow the learner to be the main focus of the educational process. From the foregoing, the importance of the current research is evident in its attempt to use infographics in the sport of fencing, as the researcher believes in the necessity of development in teaching methods and learning the skills of fencing. Search goal: The research aims to: Developing a proposed educational program using infographics on some basic skills and knowledge achievement in the sport of fencing Research hypotheses: 1. There are statistically significant differences between the two measurements (pre-post) in the level of skill performance and the level of cognitive achievement in some fencing skills of the control group, in favor of the post-measurement. 2. There are statistically significant differences between the two measurements (pre-post) in the level of skillful performance and the level of cognitive achievement in some fencing skills of the experimental group in favor of the post-measurement. 3. There are statistically significant differences between the two post-measurements of the two groups (the control - experimental) in the level of skillful performance and the level of cognitive achievement in some fencing skills in favor of the experimental group. First: Research Methodology: Research Methodology: The researcher used the experimental method, using pre and post measurement for two groups, one of them and the other a control group, due to its suitability to the nature of the research. Second: Research Society and Sample: The research community includes female students of the first year in the College of Physical Education for Girls, the first semester of the academic year 2022/2023 AD, and their number is (1607) students. The experimental research sample consisted of (40) female students. The control sample is (40) female students. 1- The researcher identified the tools and means used in the research, and the following conditions were taken into account in selecting these tools: - To be effective in measuring the specific aspects of the research. -Scientific transactions should be characterized by a high degree of honesty, stability and objectivity. 1- Tools and devices used in the research: Restameter device for measuring length (cm). - A medical scale calibrated to measure weight (kg). - Measuring tape (to the nearest centimeter). Stopwatch (to the nearest second). - chalk. - Shutter weapons. - Wooden board. - Dynamometer to measure the strength of the muscles of the legs (kg) Square cushions with circles 2- Applications and personal interviews: • An expert opinion poll form to determine the program's determinants is attached (2). • Expert opinion poll form on physical tests, attached No. (3). • The expert opinion poll form on the axes of the cognitive achievement test in the sport of fencing and on building the knowledge test for the fencing course is attached (4). 3- Physical tests in the sport of fencing: • Testing the strength of the muscles of the legs to measure strength. • Test the speed of advancing a distance of 4 meters to measure speed • Retreat speed test at a distance of 4 meters to measure speed • Recording test with the weapon on the interfering circuits to measure the accuracy estimated by the degree. • Testing randomly numbered circuits to measure compatibility in seconds. • Walking test with hands in the middle on a balance beam to measure balance estimated by a number. • The leg hole test to measure the flexibility of the legs to measure the flexibility estimated in centimeters. • IQ test attached (7) • Cognitive test attached (5) 4- Skillful performance: The researcher evaluated the level of skillful performance in the sport of fencing for the members of the research sample through a committee composed of professors, members of the teaching staff of the Fencing Division, Faculty of Physical Education for Girls, Zagazig University, and the committee determined the degree in each of the pre and post measurements of (5) degrees for each skill in the form Attachment (8) Then the same committee evaluated the performance in the post measurement to ensure the objectivity of the measurement 5- Cognitive test: The researcher analyzed the cognitive tests of the previous reference studies and adhered to the scientific method in constructing these tests in terms of the methods of formulating the phrases and based on the scientific references. The method of true and false and multiple choice was used when formulating the test phrases. In its initial formulation, the cognitive test included (40) phrases. This test aims to measure the level of cognitive achievement of the historical development and some basic skills and law Fourth: Exploratory Study: The researcher conducted the survey during the period from 10/4/2022 AD to 10/11/2022 AD on a sample of (20) female students, who were chosen randomly from the research community and outside the basic research sample, with the aim of: 1- Ensure the validity of the measuring tools and devices used. 2- Identify the appropriateness of the tests used for the research sample. 3- Identify the suitability of the program content for the research sample. 4- Identifying the difficulties that the researcher may face during the application of the program. 5- Finding the scientific coefficients (validity - reliability) for the tests under study. Fifth: Implementation steps of the research: Tribal measurements: The researcher conducted tribal measurements of the experimental and control research sample in the physical and skill variables and cognitive achievement (under research) on 11 and 12/10/2022 on the sample (under research) Suggested Program Application: The researcher applied the proposed program to the experimental group in the first semester of the academic year 2022/2023 AD, in the period from 10/18/2022 AD to 11/29/2022 AD for a period of (6) weeks, at the rate of (1) weekly unit on (three days) for a period of (90 minutes) in one time. While the traditional program was applied to the control group during the same days, taking into account the rotation between groups in the timing of application. Dimensional measurements: Immediately after completing the implementation of the research experiment, the researcher conducted the post-measurements of the students for both the experimental group and the control group, on 6 and 7/12/2022 AD for all previous tests (under research) in the same manner and order as was done in the pre-measurement. Sixth: Statistical treatments: In light of the research objectives and hypotheses, the statistical method used to analyze the data was determined as follows: • SMA. • standard deviation. • Mediator. Torsion coefficient. Correlation coefficient. • T-test for one group and two groups. Statistical treatments were carried out using the statistical software (SPSS) version 14. Seventh: Conclusions: In the light of the research objectives and its hypotheses, and within the limits of the research sample, and based on what the research results showed, the following was concluded: 1- The proposed program using the infographic led to an improvement in the performance level of some basic skills in the sport of fencing. 2- The proposed program using the infographic has a positive effect on the cognitive achievement and the performance level of some basic skills in the sport of fencing. 3- The superiority of the members of the experimental group, which was subjected to learning through the proposed program using infographics, over the members of the control group, which was subjected to the educational program used in explaining and performing a model in the performance of some basic skills in the sport of fencing and the cognitive level. Eighth: Recommendations: In light of the previous research results and conclusions, the researcher recommends the following: 1- The need to use the proposed program using infographics to raise the level of skillful performance in the sport of fencing. 2- The need for workers in physical education, especially in the sport of fencing, to pay attention to employing technological innovations and integrating them with teaching methods to take advantage of the advantages of each of them within the academic curricula. 3- Interest in using teaching methods that help to form positive attitudes among learners because of its effective impact on increasing motivation towards learning. 4- Conducting workshops and seminars to educate faculty members about the need to pay attention to the use of technological techniques in the educational process.