Abstract: |
Egypt suffers from a decline in the per capita share of animal protein, the trend towards sustainable development to maximize animal and fish resources, and in light of the spread of domestic diseases (bird flu) and animal diseases (whole fever), interest in maximizing and managing water resources becomes an urgent necessity to provide animal protein to the Egyptian citizen. The problem of the study is that despite all the efforts made to develop Bardawil Lake and the attempt to return to its natural and distinguished production of export fish, there is a change in the qualitative composition of the lake’s fish. The production of export fish represented by fish (Musa, seabass, lote, and gar) amounted to about 399.94 ton, while the production of crustacean fish represented by (shrimp, crab) amounted to about 1.46 thousand ton during the 2021 fishing season. The study aims to identify On the current situation of fish production in Egypt with reference to Lake Bardawil. Estimation of fishing effort and seasonality of fish production in Lake Bardawil. And the study of growth and development within Bardawil Lake. A study of the effect of environmental factors on fish production in Lake Bardawil. And analyze the strategic situation of the Bardawil Lake Department by estimating its performance and its response to internal and external factors. Suggest appropriate strategic alternatives for its development and sustainability. And a vision for a future strategic plan to achieve sustainable integrated management of fish production management within Lake Bardawil. By studying the current situation of fish production in North Sinai Governorate, it was found that the amount of fish caught reached about 6.166 thousand ton during the average period (2000-2010), then decreased to about 4.586 thousand ton during the period (2011-2021). The general annual average of the amount of fish caught reached about 5.376 thousand ton during the average period (2000-2021). By applying the Cossove scale to Lake Bardawil, growth indicators indicate that fish production in Bardawil Lake is unstable. By measuring the degree of development, it was found that the degree of development in favor of the most vital activity (Bardawil production) was very modest, reaching in the first period (2000-2011) about 1.28, then decreased to about -0.81, -0.85, respectively, for the second and third period, which means that the development of Bardawil Lake is in flux and this may be due to the high water salinity, the decrease in the area of the lakes, and the backwardness of the technological forces in the lake. The study recommends the necessity of increasing the fish production of exported species such as lotus and grouper. The study also recommends the prevention of fishing operations at the holes of the Boaghiz, as well as the prevention of the production of roe to maintain the production of fish of the mullet family and the disinfection of the Boaghiz to reduce the risk of high salinity.
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