Chemerin was identified as an adipokine in inflamed tissues and participate in adaptive and innate immunity. Thyroid dysfunction causes alteration in adipokines and lipids profile. This research aims to investigate the effect of experimental thyroid dysfunction on plasma levels of chemerin in rats. Experimental Design: The research was carried out on forty-five adult and healthy male albi norats grouped into: Control (Group I), Hypothyroid (Group II) and Hyperthyroid (Group III) groups. Propylthiouracil administration 1mg/ml (four weeks) was used to induce hypothyroidism, Hyperthyroidism was produced by administration of L-thyroxine 2Pg/ml (four weeks), untreated animals are considered as controls. Results: Serum chemerin level was found to be significantly increased in Group II (hypothyroidism) with significant decrease in Group III (hyperthyroidism). Chemerin was found to have significant negative correlation with T3 and T4 levels and significant positive correlation with thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in all study groups. Moreover, in group II, there were a significant increase in serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) and a significant decrease in level of high density lipoprotein (HDL), while in group III, There was a significant decrease in TC, TG and LDL and a significant increase in level of HDL. Conclusion: experimental thyroid dysfunction affect serum chemerin level, so, chemerin could be considered as a laboratory marker of thyroid hormone disorders.