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International Journal of Veterinary Science
Union scientific publisher
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Abstract: |
This study aimed to evaluate the hemato-biochemical parameters, oxidative stress
indices and histopathological alterations in different organs after exposure of fish to
calcium hypochlorite (Ca(OCl)2) as well as granular activated carbon (GAC) (unrinsed)
as dechlorinator. A total of 96 Clarias gariepinus was divided equally into four groups in
triplicates: Group 1 was kept as a control, while groups 2, 3, and 4 were exposed (daily)
to Ca(OCl)2 at a concentration of 0.045mg/L water, GAC at a concentration of 50mg/L
water and Ca(OCl)2 plus GAC at a same concentration of previous groups, respectively.
The exposures were conducted for 96h after that blood and tissue samples were collected
for performing experimental tests. The results revealed that significant increase in
erythrogram and leukogram parameters, besides increase activities of serum alanine
aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase and concentrations of bilirubin fractions,
total proteins, globulins, sodium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus and ammonia in all
experimental groups. Fourth group showed insignificant increase in red blood cells and
monocytes counts. Hyperalbuminemia was observed in Ca(OCl)2 group alone. Serum
alkaline phosphatase activity and creatinine concentration were significantly decreased in
all experimental groups. Malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide levels showed
significant increase, besides superoxide dismutase activity was decreased significantly in
all experimental groups in the liver, kidneys and gills tissues. In conclusion, chlorine
caused hematological disturbances, hepato-renal impairment with oxidative stress.
Despite the importance of GAC as dechlorinator, it caused several adverse results under
the condition of this experiment, and this sheds light into the importance of safely use of
GAC on aquatic organisms.
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