Abstract: |
A newly synthesized partially phosphorylated polyvinyl phosphate derivative (PPVP) was
functionalized to extract Zirconium (IV) from Egyptian zircon sand. The specifications for the PPVP
composite were approved effectively via different techniques, namely, FT-IR, XPS, BET, EDX, TGA, 1HNMR,
13C-NMR, GC-MS, XRD and ICP-OES analyses, which demonstrated a satisfactory synthesis of
PPVP and zircon dissolution from Egyptian zircon sand. Factors controlling parameters, such as pH
values, shaking time, initial zirconium concentration, PPVP dose, nitrate ions concentration, co-ions,
temperature and eluting agents, have been optimized. At 25 ◦C, pH 0, 20 min shaking, 0.05 mol/L
zirconium ions and 0.5 mol/L nitrate ions, PPVP has an exciting preservation potential of 195 mg/g,
equivalent to 390 mg/L zirconium ions. From the extraction–distribution isotherm, the practical
outcomes of Langmuir’s modeling are better than the Freundlich model. With a theoretical value of
196.07 mg/g, which is more in line with the experimental results of 195 mg/g. The zirconium ions
adsorption onto the PPVP composite follows the pseudo-second-order kinetics with a theoretical
capacity value of 204.08 mg/g. According to thermodynamic potential, the extraction process was
expected to be an exothermic, spontaneous and beneficial extraction at low temperatures. The
thermodynamic parameters DS (−0.03 kJ/mol), DH (−12.22 kJ/mol) and DG were also considered.
As the temperature grows, DG values increase from −2.948 kJ/mol at 298 K to −1.941 kJ/mol at
338 K. Zirconium ions may be eluted from the working loaded PPVP by 0.025M HNO3, with a 99%
efficiency rate. It was found that zirconium ions revealed good separation factors towards some
co-ions such as Hf4+ (28.82), Fe3+ (10.64), Ti4+ (28.82), V5+ (86.46) and U6+ (68.17). A successful
alkali fusion technique with NaOH flux followed by the extraction with PPVP is used to obtain a
high-purity zirconia concentrate with a zircon content of 72.77 % and a purity of 98.29%. As a result
of this, the improved factors could finally be used
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