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Frontiers in Pharmacology
Frontiers
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Abstract: |
Health consciousness and increased knowledge about the side effects of synthetic drugs
have enhanced interest in traditional medicines. Medicinal plants offer cures for various
diseases, leading to improved living standards. This has brought ethnomedicinal studies
into the spotlight and increased demand for herb-based medicines. Citrullus colocynthis is
an herbaceous plant containing an abundance of nutrients that play a key role in the
improvement of wellbeing. C. colocynthis has many biological properties, such as
antioxidative, hypoglycemic, antibacterial, anti-cancerous, anti-inflammatory, analgesic,
gastrointestinal tract, reproduction, protection, anti-microbial, antidiabetic, hypolipidemic,
antineoplastic, profibrinolytic, anti-allergic, pesticidal, and immune-stimulatory. There are
numerous bioactive compounds like cucurbitacin, flavonoids, and polyphenols in C.
colocynthis that give it medicinal properties. Herein, we have extensively compiled,
reviewed, and analyzed significant information on C. colocynthhis from the best
published available evidence in PubMed, Scopus (Embase), Web of Science (Web of
Knowledge), Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar, etc. Scientific literature evidenced
that owing to the bioactive constituents, including cucurbitacin, polyphenols, flavonoids,
and other potent molecules, C. colocynthis has many pharmacological and physiological
functions. It possesses multi-beneficial applications in treating various disorders of humans
and animals. So, the primary purpose of this comprehensive review is to provide an
overview of the findings of positive impacts and risks of C. colocynthis consumption on
human health, especially in poultry and veterinary fields. In the future, this narrative article
will be aware of discoveries about the potential of this promising natural fruit and its
bioactive compounds as the best nutraceuticals and therapeutic drugs in veterinary and
human medicine.
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