The increasing demand for renewable energy sources worldwide and the predicted depletion of current fossil fuel sources need continuous energy storage and conversion technology development. The use of supercapacitors (SC) as electrical energy storage devices in consumer electronics items and alternative power sources is an interesting and potentially lucrative area of application. Therefore, continuous developments are conducted to improve SC performance using different composites and nanocomposites. Carbon materials in SC are among the most important uses of this material. This chapter provides a short communication on recent progress in supercapacitor-based carbon materials. Various fundamental carbon allotropes were presented and debated, including fullerene, carbon nanotubes, and graphene-based supercapacitors.