Background: Acute oral and dermal toxicity tests are considered as a regulatory assessment in systemic toxicity of agrochemicals. Aim: this study achieved to study the effect of single oral and dermal sub-lethal exposure of abamectin on the oxidative stress biomarkers in the liver of male albino rats. Methods: forty rats were divided into three groups as control, oral and dermal. The tested dose was ½ of LD50 for oral and dermal experiments. Results: exposure to abamectin (ABM) at sub-lethal doses oral or dermal is connected with induction of oxidative stress in the liver of male albino rats. Oxidative stress is evidenced by the increase in lipid and protein oxidation (MDA and PC) biomarkers. As well, antioxidant enzymes such as CAT and GST were increased hepatocytes. On the other hand, glutathione and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and SOD were markedly reduced. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in hepatocytes was markedly increased in both oral and dermal exposure. Conclusion: this study through light on the importance of responsible use of pesticides in reducing the hazard impact of agrochemicals.