Purpose To screen neonates for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and to evaluate the use of antivascular endothelial growth factor in its treatment. Patients and methods This prospective study included 128 preterm infants with a birth weight (BW) less than 2000 g or estimated gestational age (GA) less than 32 weeks who were subjected to ophthalmological screening. Screening was done by fundus examination once the preemie completed his/her fourth week after birth or reached a GA of 32 weeks. The presence or absence of ROP and the staging and grading of the disease were noted. Severe cases that were selected as high- risk cases especially those with pre-plus or plus disease were subjected to intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injection. Results One hundred and twenty-eight premature infants were enrolled in the study. Thirty- six infants were identified to have ROP in different stages (28.1%); 26 (72.2%) were with mild ROP and 10 (27.7%) with severe ROP, who were treated with IVB injection. Regarding the preterm babies with no ROP, there was a significant difference between their mean BW and GA in comparison with those with ROP. Stages of ROP were directly related to GA as most of the ROP cases were younger than 31 (83.3%) weeks of age, with a significant correlation with total screening cases. A highly significant correlation of different stages of ROP with BW was observed as all cases were under 1800 g. The results of ROP treated cases with IVB injection revealed highly significant success in stage III and IV ROP with regression of neovascularization and no reported significant complications. Conclusion Screening of the neonates for ROP should be performed as early as possible. Antivascular endothelial growth factor therapy is a safe and effective primary treatment option for ROP.