Effect of chemical, organic and biological fertilizers on growth, yield components and volatile oil of Matrecaria chamomilla plant

Faculty Agriculture Year: 2019
Type of Publication: ZU Hosted Pages: 2159-2169
Authors:
Journal: Zagazig J. Agric. Res. Egypt Volume: 46
Keywords : Effect , chemical, organic , biological fertilizers , growth,    
Abstract:
ABSTRACT: Two field experiments were carried out at a Private Farm named Royale for herbs in El-bawiti Village, El Wahat El Bharia District, Giza Governorate, Egypt during the two consecutive seasons of 2016/2017 and 2017/2018. Therefore, aiming to study the effect of different fertilizers types (chemical, organic and bio fertilization) treatments on vegetative growth, yield components and volatile oil as well as total carbohydrates percentage of chamomile plant. The performance of organic fertilization (compost and humic acid) and biofertilization (nitobein or/and phophorein) were compared with standard, commercial rates of N,P,K and Mg fertilizers with respect to the growth, yield and essential oil of Matricaria chamomilla. In the two successive seasons, plants treated with chemical fertilization showed a significant increase in vegetative growth (plant height, number of branches per plant and fresh and dry weights per plant) compared to the others types of fertilizers under study. The highest rate of chemical fertilizers (N, P2O5, K2O and MgO at 125, 100, 62.5 and 30 kg/feddan, respectively) recorded the highest values in yield components (flower heads number per plant as well as flower heads air-dry weight per plant and per feddan) compared to the other ones under study, in most cases. In the same time, organic fertilization (30 m3 compost + 1 kg humic acid /feddan) recorded an increase in these yield components compared to the other organic fertilization rates in both seasons. While, general mean of biofertilization gave the highest value concern flower head diameter compared to the other two ones of fertilizers type. Also, biofertilization type (1kg of nitobein + 30 m3 compost /feddan) recorded a significant increase in volatile oil percentage of chamomile plant compared to either of chemical or biological fertilizers rates under study.
   
     
 
       

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