The current book - which we present to it - includes seven chapters, each of which deals with the study of one of the cognitive processes within the framework of differential psychology and in the framework of information processing, with reference to the physiological foundations that govern this process. The third chapter deals with the issue of memory, and the fourth chapter deals with the issue of thinking. The fifth chapter deals with the subject of language, the sixth chapter deals with the issue of problem solving, and the seventh chapter deals with the issue of learning concepts