The current research aims to determine the competencies needed to employ electronic assessment in the education process, identify the levels of availability among middle school teachers, identify the most important challenges that teachers face in employing electronic assessment skills in the education process, and study the differences between male and female teachers in employing electronic assessment skills and the challenges of their application. in the education process. To achieve these goals, a scale of competencies necessary to employ the electronic assessment and the challenges of its application was built. It includes two dimensions; The competencies needed to employ electronic assessment (9 competencies), and the challenges of employing electronic assessment (17 challenges) and its standardized on a sample of 50 teachers, Then it was applied to a sample of 197 male and female teachers (95 teachers - 102 female teachers) whose number of years of service ranges between 10 to 15 years, with an average age of 34.7 years and a standard deviation of 4.3. They teach the following basic courses (Arabic Language - Social Studies - Mathematics - Science ). The results concluded that there are 9 competencies necessary to employ electronic assessment, and the level of availability of the research sample came between medium and low, and the general level was medium, and the results ended with the presence of 17 challenges to employ electronic assessment, and the level of availability of the research sample came between medium and high, and the general level came On average, the results also found that there were differences between male and female teachers in the competencies needed to employ electronic assessment in favor of teachers, while the differences between male and female teachers in the challenges of employing electronic assessment came in favor of female teachers. The study recommended supporting and developing the competencies of employing electronic assessment because of its positive effects on teaching and learning outcomes.