The combustion behavior, chemical kinetics, and thermodynamic parameters of Poinciana cover and Poinciana seeds were investigated using TGA at different heating rates in the air atmosphere. Kinetic characteristic parameters were estimated by adopting five traditional and parallel kinetic models besides the DTA technique. Functional group properties using FTIR were presented and discussed. The physicochemical characteristics of these materials assured their bioenergy potential for conversion into valuable, sustainable, and renewable energy resources. The activation energy values calculated from DTA measurements for Poinciana cover and seeds were found to be in good agreement with the kinetic data obtained by parallel methods using TGA data. The significant variations of the values of the pre-exponential factor of the Poinciana cover confirm the presence of a complex multi-step reaction during its combustion. DTG profiles of the Poinciana cover showed one sharp peak with a high mass loss rate value in a short time required high energy and resulted in high activation energy values. Also, the high ash content of this material resisted the oxygen diffusion and delayed the ignition which in turn played a key role in raising the activation energy values. The higher volatile content of Poinciana seeds and its high IR absorbance helped in lowering the activation energy values obtained from various models. Advanced ignition and delayed burnout give the Poinciana seeds superiority over Poinciana cover as a new alternative source of energy. The Gibbs free energy (ΔG) values of Poinciana seed material are higher than those of Poinciana cover either for the total conversion process of the volatiles and char conversion. This result reflects the bioenergy potential of Poinciana seeds through oxidation. The resulted high entropy change (ΔS) values for the poinciana cover material ensure that this material is far from its thermodynamic equilibrium and its reactivity is high.