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African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine
AOSIS.Phcfm
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Abstract: |
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a female psychiatric disorder
affecting the behaviour, cognitive abilities, mental health status and academic performance of
female students. It includes: mood symptoms, behaviour symptoms and physical symptoms.
Aim: To assess phenomenology, measure the prevalence of PMDD among university students
and assess the relationship between PMDD and socio-demographic and personality characteristics.
Setting: This study was conducted at Zagazig University, Sharqia Governorate, Egypt.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2020 to December 2020. It
included 755 university students. They filled several questionnaires covering Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Disorders (DSM-5) criteria to diagnose PMDD, socio-demographic,
menstrual factors, physical activity and personality traits.
Results: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder was found in 159 out of 755 students (21.1%).
Overall, the most frequently reported premenstrual symptoms were overeating/food cravings
(84.2%), fatigue/lack of energy (83.6%), depressed mood/hopelessness (82.0%) and
hypersomnia (78.9%). Binary logistic regression model revealed that significantly related
PMDD risk factors include: being a medical student, having a duration of menstrual bleeding
≥ 7 days, the average length of one cycle ˂ 28 days, high menstrual blood loss, presence of
dysmenorrhea and positive family history of premenstrual syndrome (sister/mother).
Regarding personality traits, low extroversion and agreeableness, and high neuroticism were
also significant PMDD risk factors.
Conclusion: Prevalence of PMDD was high among university students, especially medical
students, and it can have a detrimental effect on both academic life and educational
accomplishments, quality of life and daily living activities
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