Current treatments for end-stage renal disease include dialysis or kidney transplants. However, problems such as limited donor organs, graft failure, and other complications remain a concern. Bioengineering of living organ-like structures offers an alternative to the present treatments. Recently, three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has evolved as a revolutionary technology capable of bioengineering living tissues or organs for transplantation. Here, we used 3D bioprinting strategy to bioengineer a kidney construct containing human primary renal cells. Primary renal cells were isolated from human kidneys, and they were suspended in gelatin methacrylate (GelMa)- based bioink for 3D bioprinting. For in vitro study, a solid block design of kidney construct was fabricated using our Integrated Tissue and Organ Printing (ITOP) system. The bioprinted renal constructs were evaluated for cell viability, proliferation, and renal tissue maturation/formation over a period of 14 days in culture. The bioprinted renal tissue constructs showed high cell viability and proliferation and exhibited the structural and functional characteristics of kidney tissue. We demonstrated the potential of the use of 3D bioprinting strategy to fabricate the functional renal constructs for future application.