Journal: |
Egypt J Pediatr Allergy Immunol
Egypt Society of Pediatr Allergy Immunol
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Abstract: |
Data regarding food sensitization and food allergy in
developing countries are lacking. We sought to explore the frequency and
pattern of sensitization to food allergens among a sample of Egyptian
allergic patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1373
allergic patients. They were subjected to thorough history taking, skin
prick test, serum specific IgE (sIgE) level. Patients with evidence of
sensitization to food were subjected to food elimination followed by an
open oral food challenge (OFC) test. Results: Four-hundreds and
nineteen patients (30.5%) (76 children and 343 adults) had evidence of
sensitization to one or more food allergen. Among children, 41 (52.5%)
had urticaria, 31 (39.7%) allergic rhinitis, 13 (16.6%) pollen food
allergy syndrome, 16 (20.5%) bronchial asthma, 9 (11.5%) eczema and 7
(9%) had GIT symptoms. Among adults, 152 (44.5%) had allergic
rhinitis, 149 (43.6%) urticaria and 57 (16.7%) had GIT symptoms. The
most common allergens among children were peanut (31; 39.7%), fish
(29; 37%), egg (18; 23%), and strawberry (17; 21.79%) while in adult,
they were jalapeno pepper (123; 36%), egg (122; 35.7%), tomato (120;
35.1%), peanut (110; 32.2%), and fish (109; 31.9%). Significant
associations were found between sensitization to different types of foods
including associations between citrus fruits and mango, and between
shrimps and crabs (p<0.001). Out of the sensitized 419 patients, 118
(28.2%) had positive OFC test. Conclusion: A significant proportion of
both adults and children with allergic disorders are sensitized to foods.
Pepper, peanut, egg, fish, tomato, strawberry are the most common foods
to which Egyptian patients are sensit
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