The main objective of the research is to estimate the marketing and economic efficiency and food security indicators of the onion crop in Egypt during the period (2005-2019), by achieving the following objectives: estimating the productive indicators of the onion crop (area - production - productivity), estimating the food security indicators of onions ( Amount of waste - available for consumption - local consumption - daily local consumption - production coverage for consumption - percentage of self-sufficiency - surplus or deficit - food security factor), estimating the marketing indicators of onion yield (farm price, wholesale prices and retail prices - marketing margins - distribution of consumer pounds - Marketing efficiency and price increase), estimating the economic indicators of the onion crop (total revenue - cost of production per ton - total production costs - net revenue per ton - net return per ton - product incentive - return on invested pound - profitability of the invested pound), and the research was based on the published statistical data Who from the Central Administration for Agricultural Economy, the Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics, the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, and the FAO data on the International Information Network Each of them and the World Bank database, and many references and studies related to the topic of the research were used, and in order to achieve the objectives of the research, the method of descriptive analysis and quantitative analysis was used, in addition to using some statistical methods and models, to study the economic variables of production, consumption, farm price and marketing efficiency, Using Excel 2010 and Spss ver.25 in data analysis The most important results of the research were: that despite the increase in the area cultivated with the onion crop, the productivity per feddan decreased in 2019, and this may be due to the spread of fungal and insect diseases, high production costs, lack of labor and high wages, high costs of resistance and the lack of seeds. The decrease in the self-sufficiency ratio of the onion crop and the decrease in the value of the surplus in 2019 was evident, as well as a significant decrease in the level of food security for the onion crop in Egypt, and the increase in farm, wholesale and retail prices was almost balanced rates of increase during the study period, which reflects the consistency of the marketing system, and in relation to the marketing margins. It was found that the absolute marketing margin of the retailer was greater than the absolute margin of the wholesaler, while the relative selling margin at the level of the wholesaler was low compared to its counterpart at the level of the retailer. This may be due to the nature of the onion crop as it is a crop that tolerates transportation and storage capacity, which reflects The marketing services provided by wholesalers have decreased. With regard to estimates of the farmer's share of the retail price of onions, the It means that it constituted a large percentage of the consumer’s pound compared to the share of the marketing intermediaries, which reflects a clear distinction in the farmer's share of the consumer’s pound compared to the shares of intermediaries. The greater share of the price that the final consumer pays to these producers in exchange for what the marketing intermediaries receive, and the consequent improvement in the efficiency of the marketing system for onions in Egypt, and from the estimated results of the marketing efficiency it was found to be low and less than 50%, which means that the marketing costs of onions in Egypt increase On the costs of its production during the study period