Background: Breast cancer is the most common malig-nancy among women. Mastectomy is the current standard surgical procedure for ipsilateral tumor of the breast. However, there is little evidence about the prognostic effect of the surgical procedure (mastectomy versus lumpectomy) for early management of breast cancer. We investigated the breast-conserving therapy versus radical mastectomy in the early breast cancer management, and investigated the effect of treatment modalities on quality of life after breast cancer surgery. Aim of Study: To investigate the oncological outcomes of Breast-Conserving Therapy (BCT) versus Radical Mastec-tomy (MRM) in the early breast cancer management and to investigate the effect of treatment modalities on Quality of Life (QOL) more than 1 year after breast cancer surgery by comparing the QOL of the two groups of patients who under-went Breast Conserving Surgery (BCS) or Modified Radical Mastectomy (MRM). Patients and Methods: A retrospective-prospective cohort study between June 2010 and June 2017, at Zagazig University Hospitals in the General Surgery and Oncology Departments, a group of 456 patients (295 patients in the BCT group, 161 patients in the MRM group) was selected. Of the 456 patients enrolled, 383 patients gave their consent and completed the study questionnaire (177 patients in the BCT group, and 206 patients in the MRM group. Results: After 2-6years of follow-up, the overall survival was lower for BCT group 93.9%. While in MRM group was 94.4% with no statistical difference between both groups regarding this parameter. Quality of life after BCT was found better than MRM in the social and the emotional functions. Conclusions: The breast-conserving-therapy has been shown to be as effective as mastectomy in the treatment of early breast cancer in the local recurrence and overall survival Correspondence to: Dr. Hala Ahmed El-Maghawry, E-Mail: halamf@yahoo.com rate of those patients. BCT improves the patients' QOL more than MRM does.