The research aimed at studying production, consumption and foreign trade, as well as estimating indicators of food security for wheat crop in Egypt during the period 2000-2017. It was based on published secondary data issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, and the Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS). The results of the study showed that, despite the increase in the monetary value of the wheat crop as one of the most important strategic crops in Egypt, as a result of the increase in both the cultivated area as well as the productivity and thus the total production, it was revealed that the Egyptian import bill of wheat has increased, but Egypt ranked first in the world. The import of wheat is due to the increase in the population growth rate at a greater rate than the increase in the total production of wheat. Estimates of food security indicators also showed that the average self-sufficiency rate for wheat was about 59%, the average per capita share of wheat was about 155 kg per year, and the average period of adequacy of domestic production for consumption of wheat in Egypt was estimated at about 188 days during the study period. The results indicated a decrease in the period of sufficiency of domestic production for consumption of wheat, an increase in the period of import coverage for consumption of wheat, and consequently a decrease in the food security factor for wheat crop during the study period. The study recommends the necessity of working to increase the productivity by developing new varieties of wheat with genotypes resistant to diseases, early flowering, maturity and high productivity, and the introduction of high-quality and productive Indian varieties into breeding programs and taking advantage of the possibility of cultivating them at any time during the year without affecting their production, in addition to for growing "Tartikal" varieties, which are characterized by their tolerance to drought and salinity. Taking into account the need to reduce the area cultivated with Egyptian clover within 20% by setting a serious and strict law to work with the agricultural cycle system, in which the target area for cultivation of wheat can be determined, which is something that has been approved by all conferences and scientific seminars interested in this topic.