Journal: |
The Egyptian Journal of Surgery
Wolter
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Abstract: |
Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the 24-month outcome
of Drug-Coating Balloon (DCB) versus Bare-metal stent (BMS) for the
treatment of disabling claudication and critical limb ischemia in patients
with complex femoropopliteal lesions regarding technical success, primary
patency, secondary patency, target lesion revascularization (TLR) and limb
salvage rate.
Background: Complex femoropopliteal lesions are difficult to treat and the
effective protocols for intervention remain to be developed.
Patients and methods: This study is a multi-center, prospective,
randomized controlled two-arm blind interventional study. Eighty patients
(92 limbs) complaining of disabling claudication or critical limb ischemia due
to complex femoropopliteal occlusive lesions have been randomly assigned
into two groups according to the intervention approach used from May 2016
to August 2020. Group A included 42 patients (47 limbs) who have been
assigned for treatment with paclitaxel DCBs and group B included 38 patients
(45 limbs) assigned for treatment with BMSs. The follow-up period was for
24 months with regular visits at 3,6,9, 12,15, 18 and 24 months or when
new concerns have emerged. All data were analyzed by using Statistical
Package of Social Science for windows version 22.0 (IBM Inc., Chicago, IL,
USA) and MedCalc windows (MedCalc Software bvba 18, Ostend, Belgium).
Results: The 1-year primary patency rates in the DCB and BMS groups
were 87.2% and 75.6% (p = 0.15), respectively, and the corresponding
2-year rates were 76.6% and 57.8 (p = 0.05). While the 1-year secondary
patency rates in the DCB and BMS groups were 95.7% and 91.1% (p =0.43),
respectively, and the corresponding 2-year rates were 91.4% and 75.5% (p
=0.05). There is statistically significant difference of primary and secondary
patency at 24 months between both groups (p=0.05). The 2-year major limb
amputation rate was 6.3% in DCB group versus 11.1% in BMS group (p =
0.48), which was statistically insignificant. The post-procedural ABI shows
highly significant difference between both groups at 24 months, (p <0.001).
Conclusions: The two years outcomes showed superior efficacy, higher
safety and greater clinical benefits of DCBs than BMSs for the treatment
of complex femoropopliteal lesions. A statistically significant lower rate of
restenosis, occlusions and statistically significant higher 2-year primary and
secondary patency rates were observed in the DCB group than in the BMS
group. However, more studies with a larger sample and long-term follow-up
are required.
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