Digital images, which are transmitted over different networks nowadays, need a high level of security. Protecting these images is a big challenge. Image encryption is one of the most important methods in securing digital images. In recent years, chaotic maps have proved the efficiency in image encryption. This efficiency is due to excellent properties such as unpredictability and high sensitivity to their initial condition and control parameters. In this chapter, a performance analysis of the chaotic maps-based methods for image encryption is presented. In this comparative study, chaotic maps are used in the permutation and diffusion operations to encrypt the plain image. Moreover, evaluation criteria are selected carefully to evaluate the performance of the image encryption methods in terms of NPCR, UACI, PSNR, correlation coefficient, Local Shannon entropy and computational time. Experiments are performed where the obtained results are used to analyze the performance of the chaotic maps-based image encryption methods.