Water quality, treatment, protection, and development in Algeria are framed by problems related to water sustainability. Natural resources are at the core of Algeria’s sustainable development and are critical to socioeconomic growth. This chapter captures the water quality, treatment, protection, and development in Algeria (in terms of findings and suggestions) and provides ideas extracted from the volume cases. In addition, topics were covered by some (updated) results from a few lately published study works linked to water resources. This chapter offers a number of suggestions for protecting resources for Algeria’s current problems