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Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
Elseviere
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Abstract: |
The present study evaluated the adverse effects of the hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) at sub-lethal concentrations
and the ameliorative potential of curcumin (CUR) over a sub-chronic exposure period on Oreochromis
niloticus. Fish were exposed to Cr (VI) (4.57 mg/L) and CUR (0.02% in diet or 200 mg/kg diet), individually or in
combination for 60-days. The growth rate during the period of experiment, condition factor, body composition,
hepatosomatic index (HSI), hematological parameters, oxidative stress, apoptotic and DNA damage, branchial,
hepato- and nephrotoxicity were estimated in this study. Moreover, the changes in mRNA expression of
Cytochromes (CYP450) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in kidney and liver tissues were assessed by qRTPCR.
Additionally, the concentration of metallothionine in the liver, histological investigation, and lesion scoring
to the branchial, hepatic, renal and gill tissues were applied. The results revealed that Cr (VI) exposure caused a
significant decline in most hematological variables and growth rate with down-regulation of CYP450 and GST
expression. Histologically, Cr (VI) induced diverse forms of cell injury, vascular, and inflammatory alterations
with upregulation of caspase-3 and downregulation of Bcl2 expression in the examined tissues. Additionally, it
elevated the levels of serum MDA and 8-hydroxy-2' -deoxyguanosine than control. CUR-supplementation resulted
in a significant improvement in most indices, amelioration of histological alterations and up-regulation of
CYP450 and GST expression. These results may conclude
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