Occupational Health Hazards and Protective Measures among Radiation Health Team Introduction: Occupational hazards can encompass many types of hazards including biological, psychological, and physical hazards. Additionally, ionizing radiation in medical imaging is one of the powerful diagnostic tools in medicine. Ionizing radiations are used in a variety of fields such as: therapeutic and diagnostic modalities. Ionizing radiation which is applied in radiology departments and in radiation therapy has hazardous effects on biological systems. It produces some types of injuries that are incurable. The cancers risks arising with radiation have been known. Ionizing radiation may effect on gastrointestinal system, central nervous system, gonads or even whole body. These effects may appear as a somatic effect or in next generation as a genetic effect. Occupational radiation protection measures are necessary for all individuals who work in the diagnostic imaging departments. This includes not only technologists and nurses, but also individuals who may be in a radiation environment only occasionally. All of these individuals may be considered radiation workers, depending on their level of exposure and on national regulations. All workers require appropriate monitoring continuously by common personnel dosimeters like film badge and thermo luminescence dosimeter. Reduction of exposure time, increasing distance from source, and shielding of patients and occupational workers have proven to be of great importance in protecting patients, personnel, and members of the public from the potential risks of radiation. These three radiation protection actions of "time distance shielding" are the triad of radiation protection Aim of the study: The present study aimed to assess occupational health hazards and protective measures among radiation health team. Research Questions: 1. What is the knowledge of radiation health team about occupational health hazards? 2. What are the effects of occupational health hazards among radiation health team? 3. Are the personal protective equipment available and used by radiation health team? Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive design was used. Study setting: The study was conducted at the Radiotherapy Department in Zagazig University Hospital, and Radiology Department in El-Ahrare Zagazig Hospital. Study subjects: Composed of 70 subjects, of radiation health team. They were selected under the inclusion criteria: At least two years of experience in radiation department, and accept to participate in the study Tools of data collection: Two tools were used to collect the necessary data: Tool (I): Health team knowledge about radiation hazards, and the effects of occupational health hazards related to exposure to radiation at work. Tool II: An observational checklist to describe compliance with personal protective equipment and safe work practices. Results: The highest percentage of the health problems related to exposure to radiation at work was found among technicians (95.3%) compared to 70% of nurses and 47.1% of physicians. The health problems among the technicians in descending order were as follows: blood problems (83.7%), loco-moter problems (79.1%), neurological problems (67.4%), skin and eye problems with equal percentages (58.1%), and gastrointestinal problems (44.2%). Only 17.6% of physicians and 14% of technicians wear lead aprons all times. Additionally, 18.6% of technicians, and 5.9% of physicians wear appropriate monitoring badge. Moreover, none of nurses comply with the use of all items of personal protective equipment. A statistically significant positive correlation found between participants knowledge and hazards (r=.331). Conclusion: It can be concluded that, the highest percentage regarding knowledge of radiation hazards among participants was for the technicians. The majority of occupational hazards were physical hazards, followed by biological hazards and psychological hazards among radiation health team. Health problems related to exposure to radiation at work were highly reported among technicians, these were mainly blood and locomotor problems. Minority of the participants were satisfied with personal protective equipment. Recommendations: Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations can be induced: Develop an educational program regarding radiation hazards and protective measures to all radiation health team. Personal protective equipment should be available for radiation health team in radiation department. Periodic checkup of radiation health team for early detection of any health problems. Further researches are suggested on wide scale to generalize the study results.