Journal: |
The Egyptian Journal of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis
Wolters Kluwer - Medknow
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Abstract: |
Aim
To explore the changes regarding the incidence, risk factors, and outcome of
bronchial asthma (BA) exacerbation in pregnancy in the setting of advancements in
the management and pharmacotherapy of asthma compared with that previously
reported.
Patients and methods
A prospective cohort study recruited 308 pregnant asthmatic patients in the period
from January 2015 to January 2018. All patients received asthma health education
(adherence to medications, proper usage of inhalers, written action plan, trigger
avoidance, and smoking cessation counseling) and a monthly revision and
adjustment of asthma medications according to its control together with
treatment of exacerbation when present until 36 weeks of gestation. BA
exacerbation was the primary outcome of the present study.
Results
Seventy-seven (25%) patients experienced exacerbations, and 25 of them were
hospitalized, with ICU admissions in 11 (3.5%) patients. Exacerbation was evident
in those with higher;Deg;BM;Deg;I (32.86±3.53 kg/m2, P=0.01), current smoker
(28.6%, P<0.001), low education level (42.9%, P=0.01), and severe baseline
asthma (57.1%, P<0.001). Multivariate logistic analysis identified certain
independent predictors of exacerbation and hospitalization in pregnant
asthmatics. Pregnant asthmatic with;Deg;BM;Deg;I more than 32.5 kg/m2 [odds
ratio (OR), 1.6; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.67–3.99; P=0.026) and current
smoker (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.39–4.79; P=0.03) were more likely to have
exacerbation. Moreover, those with baseline severe asthma (OR, 1.2; 95% CI,
1.12–2.31; P=0.028) were at increased risk of hospitalization owing to
exacerbation. There was no association between adverse perinatal outcomes
and;Deg;BA;Deg; exacerbation in pregnant asthmatics.
Conclusion
The incidence of BA exacerbation during pregnancy is observed to be reduced in
the present study compared with the previously reported. Being smoker and having
higher BMI were predictors of exacerbation, whereas severe baseline asthma was
predictor of hospitalization in pregnant asthmatics.
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