Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a well-known respiratory system disorder impacting patient’s morbidity and mortality. Many COPD patients die from cardiovascular diseases. Criteria of arterial stiffness might be the early clue for cardiovascular affection in COPD patients. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of arterial stiffness as an early subclinical change in stable mild to moderate COPD patients. Results: This cross-sectional study included 80 mild-to-moderate COPD patients and another 80 healthy controls. The carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) and the heart rate adjusted augmentation index (AIx75) were statistically significantly higher (13.8 ± 2.6 and 23.9 ± 10.8, respectively) among studied mild-to-moderate COPD patients when compared to healthy controls (10.7 ± 1.1 and 18.1 ± 8.9, respectively) (p < 0.001). FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 s) % of predicted correlated negatively with both AIx75 (r = − 0.84, p < 0.001) and cf-PWV (r = − 0.85, p < 0.001), while BODE (body mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, and exercise capacity) index correlated positively with both AIx75 (r = 0.58, p < 0.001) and cf-PWV (r = 0.52, p < 0.001) in patients with mild-to-moderate COPD. Conclusions: Pulse wave velocity and augmentation index correlated with FEV1% of predicted and BODE index in patients with mild-to-moderate COPD.