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italian journal of pediatrics
Biomed central
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Abstract: |
Abstract
Background: A febrile seizure (FS) is the most common convulsive disorder in children. Activation of cytokine
network is involved in FS pathogenesis. Adiponectin, leptin and IL-6 are the major adipocytokines secreted by fat
cells. To date, only a few studies concerned the association of adipocytokines with febrile seizures. In this study, we
tried to investigate serum and CSF levels of adiponectin, leptin, and interleukin-6 (IL-6); as adipocytokines, for the
first time in Egyptian children with febrile seizures.
Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study included one hundred patients with febrile seizure, and
matched with age, gender, 100 children with febrile illness without seizures (febrile control, FC) and 100 healthy
control group (HC). Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of adiponectin, leptin, and (IL-6) were measured by
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.
Results: Serum adiponectin was significantly higher in children with FS (16.8 ± 3.7 ug/ml) and the FC group (18.3 ±
4.3 ug/ml) compared to the HC group (9.5 ± 2.2 ug/ml); P < 0.05, respectively. Serum leptin was significantly lower in
children with FS (0.9 ± 0.3 ng/ml) compared to both the FC group (4.7 ± 1.2 ng/ml) and the HC group (1.8 ± 0.4 ng/
ml); P < 0.01, respectively. Children with FS had significantly higher serum IL-6 levels (43.7 ± 11.7 ng/ml) than the FC
group (21.9 ± 4.5 ng/ml) and the HC group (6.5 ± 1.8 ng/ml); P < 0.01, respectively. Patients with simple febrile
seizures (SFS) had serum and CSF adiponectin levels similar to those with complex febrile seizures (CFS); (P > 0.05).
Serum and CSF leptin levels were significantly lower in patients with CFS compared to the SFS group (P < 0.05).
Serum and CSF IL-6 levels were significantly higher in patients with CFS compared to the SFS group (P < 0.01). On
multivariate logistic regression analysis, the high serum IL-6 levels was the most significant risk factor associated
with febrile seizures among studied children (OR: 6.2; 95 % CI: 3.58 –10.57; P = 0.0001).
Conclusion: Our data brought a novel observation that some adipocytokines like leptin and IL-6 could be, at least
in part, an aetiopathogenetic factor in the manifestation of febrile seizures in susceptible Egyptian children.
Moreover, we observed a significant association between high CSF IL-6 levels and susceptibility to complex febrile
seizures as did the low CSF leptin levels.
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