Relationship Between Serum Pentraxin-3 Level and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Egyptians Samir AM. Afifi* Abeer A. Fikry** Hosam N. Almassry*** Internal Medicine*, Clinical Pathology**, Radio-diagnosis*** Abstract Background: Nonalcoholic-fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the aggregation of triglyceride inside hepatocytes that initiates cascade of inflammation. NAFLD ranges from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and advanced fibrosis. Aim: To assess serum Pentraxin-3 level (PTX 3) in NAFLD Egyptian populations and search its relation with different grades of NAFLD. Subjects & Methods: Our study enrolled 124 Egyptian subjects who attending outpatient clinic of Internal Medicine Department, Zagazig University Hospitals, from June 2017 to April 2018, presented by non-specific symptoms. They were divided according to ultrasound findings into 2 groups: Control group,62 subjects with no evidence of NAFLD, 19 males (30.6%), and 43 females (69.4%), their ages ranged between 26-50 years, and NAFLD Group 62 patients with different grades of NAFLD, 16 males (25.8%) and 46 females (74.2%), their ages ranged between 20-60 years .Serum PTX 3 level and routine laboratory investigations were done for all subjects. Results: BMI showed higher significant difference in NAFLD than control group (34.5+ 9.8 kg /m2 vs. 26.9 + 3.9 kg/m2, P<0.001). Also, ALT and AST levels were higher in NAFLD group than control; ALT (37.4+23.9 mg /dl vs. 25 + 9.6 mg/dl, P=0.001), AST (32.8 + 18.5 mg/dl vs. 24.3+ 11.7 mg/dl,P< 0.001) respectively. Serum pentraxin level was statistically significant higher in NAFLD group (2.9 ± 1.6 ng /ml) vs. control (0.71 + 0.33 ng/ml), (P< 0.001). US grades of NAFLD group 14 mild (22.6%), 33 moderate (53.2%) and 15 severe ( 24.2%).PTX-3 level was statistically insignificant regarding grades of severity of NAFLD (P=0.15). Conclusions: Serum PTX3 level was higher in NAFLD group than control ,but it had no relation in determining different grades of disease severity. Thus, serum PTX3 level may be used as an useful non-invasive biomarker in detecting NAFLD from non-NAFLD. Keywords: NAFLD: non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease NASH: non-alcoholic steato-hepatitis PTX 3 : Pentraxin-3