The purpose of current research is to investigate the mediating role of organizational politics in the relationship between personal traits (political skills – locus of control – Machiavellian) and job performance , and also investigating the direct impact of personal traits and organizational politics. Questionnaire was developed, and date collected from stratified simple random sample of nurses and physicians (n=300) from four pubic hospitals in Zagazig city. Data was analyzed using AMOS V.20 and results indicated that individuals with high political skills , high Machiavellian and internal locus of control have more tendency to practice organizational politics ,also it was found that organizational politics partially mediate the relationship between personal traits and job performance .