Journal: |
Egyptian Journal of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis
Elsevier
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Abstract: |
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) is a novel respiratory illness firstly reported
in Saudi Arabia in 2012. It is caused by a new corona virus, called MERS corona virus (MERSCoV).
Most people who have MERS-CoV infection developed severe acute respiratory illness.
Aim of the work: This work is done to determine the clinical characteristics and the outcome of
intensive care unit (ICU) admitted patients with confirmed MERS-CoV infection.
Patients and methods: This study included 32 laboratory confirmed MERS corona virus infected
patients who were admitted into ICU. It included 20 (62.50%) males and 12 (37.50%) females. The
mean age was 43.99± 13.03 years. Diagnosis was done by real-time reverse transcription polymerase
chain reaction (rRT-PCR) test for corona virus on throat swab, sputum, tracheal aspirate,
or bronchoalveolar lavage specimens. Clinical characteristics, co-morbidities and outcome were
reported for all subjects.
Results: The main symptoms among the included patients were: fever (96.87%), cough
(93.75%), dyspnea (90.62%), sore throat (75%), runny nose (75%), sputum (50%), headache
(43.75%), myalgia (40.62%), chest pain (37.50%), hemoptysis (37.50%), nausea and vomiting
(34.37%), abdominal pain (21.87%) and diarrhea (15.62%). The presence of abdominal symptoms
is significantly (P< 0.05) associated with bad prognosis. Out of the included 32 patients, 18
patients (56.25%) survived and 14 patients (43.75%) expired. There was a statistically significant
difference in the duration of symptoms before hospitalization, mechanical ventilation and ICU
and total hospital stay between the expired group and survivors (P < 0.01). Current smoking
and smoking severity were statistically significantly (P< 0.01) higher in the expired group compared
to survivors. Also, there was a statistically (P < 0.05) significant positive correlation between
mortality and smoking severity (r =0.640). Most of the expired patients presented with bilateral
pulmonary infiltrates or unilateral infiltrates, but most of the survivors presented with normal
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