The disasters of the past few years have shown the importance of prevention and preparedness, not only in Hungary and in the Slovak Republic, but all over the world. In 2010, the floods of the rivers Hernád/Hornád, Sajó/Slaná and Bódva/Bodva caused serious problems for these nations, affecting several settlements with thousands of inhabitants. The inhabitants and enterprises of the targeted area come in for the results from the flood risk assessment, by having a more secure environment. The methodology is applicable in other water courses in Hungary and in the Slovak Republic as well in the other countries. The aim of the presented study was to assess the distribution of flood-risk potential at the regional scale. A progressive approach integrating geographical information system (GIS) with method of multicriteria analysis (MCA) – analytic hierarchy process (AHP). In the analyses, the most causative factors for flooding were taken into account such as monthly precipitation, soil type, land use, basin slope. A case study of flood vulnerability identification in the Bodva catchment area has been employed. Spatial estimation of flood-risk potential should be one of the basic steps for complex geo-ecological evaluation and delimitation of landscape considering water resources management, groundwater pollution, prediction of soil erosion and sediment transport and some other important landscape-ecological factors. The obtained results indicate that AHP method shows good results as related to the existing floods in the recent years in Bodva catchment.