The subject of water resources management is a very wide-ranging one, and only some of the most important aspects are covered in this volume. It soon became apparent that although a number of good books may be available on specific parts of the topic, no text covered the required breadth and depth of the subject, and thus the idea of water resources in Slovakia book came about. The book has been treated as the product of teamwork of 30 distinguished researchers and scientists from different institutions and academic and research centers with major concerns regarding water resources, agriculture, land and soil, rainwater harvesting, and water quality. The book can serve as a reference for practitioners and experts of different kinds of organizations with responsibilities for the management of water, land, and other natural resources. Equally, we hope that researchers, designers, and workers in the field of water management and agriculture covered in the book will find the text of interest and a useful reference source. The landscape which is sustainably managed conserves water, lowers the rate and volume of runoff water from rain, snowmelt, and irrigation, and helps reduce the amount of pollutants reaching surface water. Water is an important medium regarding the transport, decomposition, and accumulation of pollutants, whether of natural or anthropogenic origin, which in excessive amounts represent considerable risks for all kinds of living organisms, thus also for human beings. The step toward effective protection of water resources is to know their quality. Systematic investigation and evaluation of the occurrence of surface water and groundwater within the country is a basic responsibility of the state, as an indispensable requirement for ensuring the preconditions for permanent sustainable development as well as for maintaining standards of public administration and information. The basic requirement in this context is to optimize water quality monitoring and assessment and the implementation of necessary environmental measures. This volume consists