MRL/MpJ mice exhibit distinct phenotypes in several biological processes, including wound healing. Herein we report two unique phenotypes in the female reproductive system of MRL/MpJ mice that affect ovulation and luteinisation. We found that superovulation treatment resulted in the production of significantly more oocytes in MRL/MpJ than C57BL/6 mice (71.0 +/- 13.4 vs 26.8 +/- 2.8 respectively). However, no exon mutations were detected in genes coding for female reproductive hormones or their receptors in MRL/MpJ mice. In addition, the fertilisation rate was lower for ovulated oocytes from MRL/MpJ than C57BL/6 mice, with most of the fertilised oocytes showing abnormal morphology, characterised by deformation and cytolysis. Histological tracing of luteinisation showed that MRL/MpJ mice formed corpora lutea within 36h after ovulation, whereas C57BL/6 mice were still at the corpora haemorrhagica formation stage after 36h. The balance between the expression of matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors shifted towards the former earlier after ovulation in MRL/MpJ than C57BL/6 mice. This result indicates a possible link between accelerated extracellular matrix remodelling in the ovulated or ruptured follicles and luteinisation in MRL/MpJ mice. Together, these findings reveal novel phenotypes in MRL/MpJ mice that provide novel insights into reproductive biology.