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Morphological variations, biomass and ion accumulation of the aboveground shoots of Desmostachya bipinnata (L.) Stapf
Faculty
Science
Year:
2013
Type of Publication:
Article
Pages:
556-561
Authors:
Galal, Tarek M, Shehata, Hanaa S
DOI:
10.1016/j.flora.2013.08.006
Journal:
FLORA ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN \& FISCHER VERLAG
Volume:
208
Research Area:
Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences \& Ecology
ISSN
ISI:000328662600002
Keywords :
Halfa grass, Heavy metals, Forage, Morphology, Sacrificial grasses
Abstract:
The present study aimed to evaluate the morphological characteristics and biomass of Desmostachya bipinnata and their relation to the environmental variables in three main habitats (canal banks, railway and roadside shoulders) where it is found in Egypt. In addition, the ability of this plant is evaluated to accumulate nutrients and heavy metals in its aboveground shoots. Twenty five quadrats (1 m x 1 m per quadrat) were selected along five sites representing the different habitats of D. bipinnata for this study. The aboveground shoots displayed considerable morphological variations, differing in the different habitats. The above ground biomass, number of spikes and leaves, rachis length and diameter, leaf length, width and area, leaf sheath length, and spike length and diameter were in the order: road sides > canal banks > railway shoulders. A regression equation: biomass = (67.37 x density) + 108.2, was used to estimate the shoot biomass from the plant growth density. Metal uptake capability from soil to grass is in the order Fe > Zn > Cu >Mn, and all of them are in safe concentration ranges. These heavy metals had a transfer factor more than unity, which indicates that D. bipinnata is a powerful accumulator for heavy metals. In addition, the plant shoots exhibit high accumulation of inorganic and organic nutrients. (C) 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
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