Fault location on loop systems using the Prony algorithm

A method utilizing the Prony algorithm and ANNs has been presented earlier to locate faults on radial lines with high accuracy. This work extends the application to loop systems. Fault simulation is implemented using the ATP-EMTP. The loop system is presented by a line with generator units on both ends. The proposed method accounts for the anticipated changes in the traveling wave characteristics. The proposed modifications are limited to the type of ANN inputs. The scheme structure was preserved to match the radial line scheme. The modified scheme is proven to have good accuracy in locating faults with different fault resistances varying from 2 to 40 ohms.