Compatibility of Toltrazuril, Probiotic and Vaccination In Chickens

Chicken coccidiosis is an intestinal infestation caused by theintracellular protozoan parasite of the genus Eimeria. Seven species havebeen recognized to infect chickens: Eimeria tenella, Eimeria necatrix,Eimeria acervulina, Eimeria maxima, Eimeria brunetti, Eimeria mitis, andEimeria praecox. Each species has its own characteristics with respect topreferred site of infestation, pathogenicity and irnrnunogenicity.For many years, prophylactic use of anticoccidial drugs has been theprimary means of controlling chicken coccidiosis in broiler industry andhas played a major role in the growth of this industry, Diclazuril,Toltrezuril and Nicorbazin, were first introduced, then followed byionophores.Nowadays, new treatments of coccidiosis were established such asvaccination and the use of probiotics. Many kinds of vaccines wereintroduced to the market to control coccidiosis such as those vaccines basedon live virulent strains, vaccines based on live attenuated strains, vaccinesbased on live strains that are relatively tolerant to the ionophores, and non-live subunit vaccines. On the other hand, bacteria such as Lactobacillusacidophilus played a great role as food additives (probiotics) to control thedisease. The use of probiotics has the advantage of preventing the intestinalcolonization of entero-pathogenic microorganisms in birds by severalmechanisms.