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Summary:- The current study was undertaken to investigate the pharmacokinetic profile of cefotaxime and side effects after single injection of its therapeutic dose 15 mg /kg b.wt, injected intravenously or intramuscularly in 10 female goats.Cefotaxime is a third generation cephalosporin which has gained increased use in Veterinary Medicine for treatment of bacterial infection in recent years.Cefotaxime has many desirable properties that include , broad spectrum of anti- bacterial activity, low incidence of adverse effects and high resistance to penicillinase. These properties have made Cefotaxime valuable.Ten apparently healthy, 8 month old female goats weighing about 20kg / each goat were used. They were kept in a healthy building under hygienic conitions for one month before the starting of the experiments for acclimatization.Goats were fed balanced, non – medicated commercial rations and also on green feed.Ten goats were used for pharmacokinetic studies after they classed to two equal groups. The first group was injected intravenously and the another injected intramuscularly by cefotaxime 15 mg/kg b.wt.Blood samples were taken from jugular vein after injection by 5 , 10 , 20 , 30 minutes and after 1,2,3,6,12,24,48 and 72 hours.Liver and kidney samples were taken from two goats from each group 72 h. after injection for histopathological studies. Four goats were used for heamatological studies after intramuscular injection for three successive days by cefotaxime 15 mg/kg b.wt. .The mean cefotaxime serum concentration following a single intravenous injection in a dose of 15 mg/kg-1 b.wt. in goats was 385.0 + 1.02 µg/ml-1 5 minute post injection then decreased gradually reaching 0.45 + 0.01 µg/ml-1 3 hours post injection . The druCefotaxime was rapidly distributed as evidenced by high value of distribution rate constant (α) (8.22 + 0.75h-1) and short distribution half life (t1/2 α) (10.084 + 0.007 h). The drug was eliminated with elimination rate constant (Kel of 5.290 + 0.455h-1 Cefotaxime was rapidly distributed from the central compartment to the peripheral one at rate constant K12 of 2.273 + 0.427h-1 and highly distributed in different tissues indicated by higher value of Vd area (0.096 + 0.06 L.Kg-1) and Vdss (0.046 + 0.009L.The mean cefotaxime serum concentration following a single intramuscular injection in a dose of 15mg/kg-1 b.wt. in goat was also detected . The drug was determined in a concentration of 10.0 + 0.21 µg/ml-1 at 5 minutes after injection which increased gradCefotaxime displayed absorption rate constant (Kab) of 0.08 + 3.012h-1 and the absorption half life ( t 1/2 ab) was 0.467 + 5.310 h. The peak serum concentration (Cmax) was 77.6 + 6.133 µg/ml-1 reached T max of 0.5 + 0.0123h. The drug elimination half lifCefotaxime evoked non significant changes in erythrocytes count and haemoglobin concentration. A significant increases in packed cell volume (PCV%) and total leukocytic count (WBCs) were observed 5 minutes, 72 hours, one week and two week after first injeLiver sections, of female goat treated with cefotaxime showed focal distortion of hepatic architecture and central vein. Congestion of hepatic blood vessels and sinusoids was detected. The portal area displayed severe congestion of portal vein and few lymKidney sections showed different retrogressive changes in the tubular epithelium, including cloudy swelling, vacuolar and hyDROPic degenerations. Hemorrhages, congestion of the renal blood vessels, and perivascular edema were detected. Almost all the cort
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