Biochemical and Molecular Biological Study on Peroxisome Proliferation Activated Receptors

In the field of molecular biology, the peroxisomeproliferator-activated receptors (PP ARs) are a group of nuclearreceptor proteins that function as transcription factors regulating theexpression of genes (Micbalik et aI., 2006). pp ARs play essentialroles in the regulation of cellular differentiation, development, andmetabolism (carbohydrate, lipid, protein), and tumorigenesis ofhigher organisms (Belfiore et aI., 2009).According to Feige et aI., 2006 three types of pp ARs havebeen identified: alpha, gamma, and delta (beta). Until recently, thebiological role of PPAR delta remained unclear. Animal studiesrevealed that pp AR delta play an important role in the metabolicadaptation of several tissues to environmental changes. Treatmentof obese animals by specific pp AR delta agonists results innormalization of metabolic parameters and reduction of adiposity.pp AR delta appeared to be implicated in the regulation of fatty acidburning capacities of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue bycontrolling the expression of genes involved in fatty acid uptake,beta-oxidation and energy uncoupling. pp AR delta is alsoimplicated in the adaptive metabolic response of skeletal muscle toendurance exercise by controlling the number of oxidativemyofibers, inducing, so and enhancing fatty acid catabolism