Immunotoxicological Studies on the Effect of Aflatoxin in Oreochromis Nil Oticus

Summary:-A.flatoxins are one of the most food contaminant and causing greateconomic losses in the livestock industry and fish, especially in aquaculture.Our study were designed to detect the effect of aflatoxin B 1 on the immunesystem of oreochromis niloticus, toxic effect on different organs, sometrials to make detoxification and analysis of the residues in the musclesProduction of aflatoxin was carried out by cultivation of Aspergillusflavus strain (NRRL 3357) on SL medium. The results indicated that SLmedium was suitable for aflatoxin production, using TLC and GLC revealedthat this strain produced only aflatoxin B I.The main effects of aflatoxin B 1 on the immune system ofOreochromis niloticus were decreased the phagocytic activity of _neutrophils and monocytes in fish blood. Aflatoxin B 1 caused decreased in phagocytic index and activity of tissue macrophages (anterior kidney andspleen) for engulfing either SRBCs or E. coli. Aflatoxin BI lead to doserelated significant decrease in serum total protein, decrease the serumprotein fractionations, albumin, alpha and beta-globulins, the effect morepronounced on total globulins which contain the antibodies. Aflatoxin B 1caused decreased the antibody titer against Aeromonas hyDROPhila vaccinein fish fed on aflatoxin before vaccination.