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Effect of dietary corn dried distillers grains with solubles, canola meal, and chloride on electrolyte balance, growth performance, and litter moisture of growing turkeys
Faculty
Veterinary Medicine
Year:
2013
Type of Publication:
Article
Pages:
1254-1265
Authors:
Farahat, M. H, Abdel-Razik, W. M, Hassanein, E. I, Noll, S. L
DOI:
10.3382/ps.2012-02780
Journal:
POULTRY SCIENCE POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC
Volume:
92
Research Area:
Agriculture
ISSN
ISI:000319318300014
Keywords :
turkey, chloride, dried distillers grains with solubles, canola meal, litter moisture
Abstract:
A study determined if dietary corn dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS), canola meal (CM), or chloride (Cl) could adversely affect the performance and litter moisture of turkeys. A total of 1,089 Nicholas toms were used in a study during 2 to 14 wk of age. The poults were randomized into 99 pens (11 poults/pen) with number reduced to 10/pen at 8 wk. The factorial arrangement consisted of 3 diet sets {[}corn-soy (CS), CS + 20\% DDGS, CS + 20\% DDGS + 10\% canola meal] and 3 Cl levels (0.22, 0.32, 0.42\%), making 9 treatments distributed in 11 replicate blocks. Diets were formulated to be isocaloric with similar levels of digestible amino acids for each of 4 feeding phases. The dietary electrolyte balance varied with diet set and age period and ranged from 351 to 181 mEq/kg of diet (Na+ + K+ - Cl-) or 184 to -29 mEq/kg (Na+ + K+) - (Cl- + S2-). Individual BW and pen feed residues were measured at each phase. Samples of litter were collected at 11 and 14 wk for measuring moisture. During 2 to 14 wk, no differences were observed in BW and ADG attributable to diet (P < 0.05). Birds fed diets containing DDGS or with CM consumed 6.0\% more ADFI (P > 0.05). No differences were found for Cl or diet x Cl interaction for BW, ADG, or ADFI. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was higher (P > 0.05) for birds fed diets containing DDGS or CM. A diet x Cl interaction was found for FCR during 8 to 14 wk; increasing Cl over 0.22\% significantly increased the FCR by 3.0\% only in diets containing DDGS with CM. Litter moisture was increased in diets containing DDGS or with CM, and by increased Cl. Including S in dietary electrolyte balance resulted in a better albeit weak correlation with ADG during 2 to 5 wk (-0.51 vs. -0.36) and FCR during 11 to 14 wk (-0.36 vs. -0.21). Due to the detrimental effect on FCR, high Cl should be avoided with DDGS and CM in turkey grower diets.
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