Analytical Studies on the Determination of some Anti-infective Agents &Certain Drugs Acting On Cardiovascular System

In this work, our idea depends simply on tethering of a chemoreceptor(protamine sulfate or antithrombin III) on the microfluidic channel surface,followed by an electrostatic interaction between heparin and its antidote or itsphysiological partner respectively.Streaming potential is the detection principle of this work, where themagnitude of ΔE is directly proportional to the surface charge. The change incharge, in turn; {complete inversion in the best case scenario} is dependent onthe [analyte].The detection process described herein is fairly quick, where each data pointin any calibration curve takes no longer than 14 seconds.AN OVERVIEWAs we mentioned before, precise and quick monitoring of blood heparinconcentrations helps in controlling heparin therapy by finding the minimalprotamine dose required to neutralize the anticoagulant activity of heparin atthe end of “Cardio Pulmonary Bypass” (CPB). This is of clinical significancesince protamine overdose is known to cause serious complications and othertoxic effects.Unfortunately, current assay methods often fail to provide the desiredquantitative measurement or automation. Therefore, this created a need to builda heparin sensor that overcomes the dependency on antithrombin III, otherfactors and assay reagents, and at the same time minimizes the gap between invivo and in vitro heparin assays.In order to set up more direct assay procedures, it is necessary to considerwhether the structure and functional components of heparin offer anypossibility for transduction. Electrostatic interaction between a suitable cationicaffinity ligand and heparin appears to be the “number one” choice; since itwould revoke the reliance on heparin activity and also accommodate thevariation in molecular weight, assuming that the charged functional groups areevenly distributed across the molecule. Identification of this cationic ligand orsurface to ”recognize” heparin is critical to the potential success of a directassay. Both neutral and synthetic candidates could be considered.Herein we describe a label-free detection method of several probes usingpulsed streaming potentials in plastic microfluidic channels built with thecommodity thermoplastic Cyclic Olefin Copolymer (COC) and implying twocationic ligands; protamine sulfate and antithrombin III