Effect of foodand Beverages on the Bioavailability and pharmacokineticis of ciprofloxacin

Ciprofloxacin HCl is of synthetic origin and belongs to quinoline carboxylic acid. It belongs to DNA gyrase inhibitor pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in antibiotics pharmacological group. Its pKa is 6.09-8.7 (Prat et al., 2004). pKa is often used as a parameter describing a compound’s dissolution characteristic. In general, ionized drugs tend to exhibit far greater aqueous solubility than the un-ionized counterpart. As a result, the rate of solute dissolution in aqueous media can be markedly affected by the pH of the solvent. Weakly acidic drugs dissolve faster when solvent pH is relatively high (when more drug exists in its ionized form), while tend to have a slower dissolution rate at lower solvent pH (when more drug exists in its un-ionized form); on the contrary, weakly basic drugs dissolve faster when solvent pH is relatively low, and tend to have a slower dissolution at higher solvent pH (Fleisher et al., 1999).<