Insulin Action and Release under the Influence of new Modulators

In this work, prophylactic and the treatment effect of two new modulators, Panax ginseng extract and sodium tungstate, on dietaryyinduced insulin resistance in rats have been studied. To achieve this goal, blood glucose level and serum insulin were determined and ~nsulin resistance index was calculated. It was necessary to examine the effect of induced insulin resistance as well as the effect of these modulators on the p-cell function in this model. Therefore, the p-cell function percent was calculated. Fructosamine was measured to indicate the long-term change in blood glucose. Liver glycogen was measured to reflect the effect of these two modulators on insulin resistance in the liver. Triglycerides and free fatty acids were also measured to give us a picture about their effect on fatty acid oxidation and lipolysis.In addition, the present work investigated the stimulating effect of Panax ginseng extract and sodium tungstate on insulin secretion. In this sequence of events, their effect on insulin release from normal and diabetic perfused rat pancreas at basal (5.5 mM) and stimulatory (11.1 mM) glucose levels was studied in order to clarify the mechanisms by which these two modulators produced their effect.