Pharmacognostical Study of Atriplex Inflata Mueller(Family Chenopodiaceae(

Family Chenopodiaceae is one of the largest families in plant kingdom. It is characterized by the presence of biologically active compounds such as: alkaloids, triterpenodial saponins, sterols, triterpene; protein, amino acids and flavonoids. Most of the species of the genus Atriplex showed hypoglycemic, antibacterial, antifungal and molluscicidal activities, others used as source of Vitamin E. Some of these species used in treatment of bronchitis.So, this thesis comprises a pharmacognostical study of Atriplex inflata F. Muell. belonging to family Chenopodiaceae to perform:1- Botanical study of its different organs to ease the identification of the plant in both entire and powdered forms.2- Isolation and characterization of its chemical constituents.3- Pharmacological and antimicrobial study of the plant extract.Thus, the present study was performed in three parts included: botanical study, phytochemical study and biological activities.Part I: Macro – and micromorphological study of different organsThe study was carried out to characterize the plant; as a result the following characters comprises the main diagnostic features:1-The plant is a prostrate or decumbent annual herb and monoecious. The male flowers are terminal and female ones are axillary.2- The flowers; the terminal male flowers exist in small clusters. The androecium consists of 5 united stamens situated on a disc and laying between 2 unequal bracts. The stamen is formed of short filament and large bilobed yellow anther. The pistillate flowers are axillary and composed of one carple. The carple formed of long bifid stigma carried on short style and superior oval ovary.3- The fruit is superior achene, enclosed in a small hanging basket-like body situated in the upper part of spongy perianth with a small mouth-like opening in the center. Fruit contain one small seed on basal placenta.