Effects of Retinoic Acid Melatonin &Nigella Sativa Extract in Rats Model for Mammary cancer

This work was done for studying of the antiproliferutive effect of melatonin, retinoic acid and Nigella saliva on the mammary gland carcinogenesis induced by the chemical carcinogen 7,12 di-methyl benz. anthracene (DMBA). The study of the tumor growth and the anti-tumor effect was shown by histopathological assessment using both light and electron microscopies. The possible mode of actions for these drugs as anti-tumor drugs were also evaluated in this studyOne hundred fifty one virgin female albino rats (Sprague Dawly Strain) were used. The rats aged 50-60 days. They were divided into four main groups as follows: - One group was the chemical carcinogenic (DMBA} group. The second group was the prophylactic group which subdivided into (melatonin, retinoic acid, arid Nigella saliva) prophylactic group. The third group was the treated group which subdivided into (melatonin, retinoic acid and Nigella sativa) treated groups.Histopathological results showed that DMBA injection in rats produced malignant lesions in the form of (papillary carcinoma.Cribriform carcinoma, and comedo carcinoma). The prophylactic groups in case of retinoic acid and melatonin groups showed transformation into the benign and preneoplastic in higher degree than the treated groups and a minimal transformation effect in case of Nigella sativa both prophylactic and treated groups .Biochemical results showed that DMBA injection into the rats produced changes in the levels of prolactin estradiol and progesterone hormones.