Role of certain New factors in Modulation & treatment of Hyperlipidemia Associated with Hyperglycemia in Experimental Atherosclerosis

Present work aimed mainly to:1. Study some factors dealing with induced hyperlipemia and in experimental atherosclerosis in experimental rats. This is done through long term supplementation of diet enriched with saturated fats and cholesterol then followed by alloxan administration.2. Reflection of this on certain changes recorded for selected biochemical parameters in blood and aortic tissues. This was followed by histopathological studies for aorta using different stains. The study included two parts.First part: deal with the effect of certain drugs focused on:1- Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI)2- Angiotensin type 1 receptor blocker3- Role of natural antioxidant represented by green tea extract, catechin either alone or in combination with drugs (1&2).Second part: effect of dietary components having various degrees of unsaturated fatty acids.Biochemical markers selected were:Serum: Glucose, lipid profile, NO, CRP, chemokines expression (MCP-1 and RANTES).Plasma: susceptibility of non HDL-C to oxidation.Aorta tissues: Glutathione (GSH), super oxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes.Histological study: using different stainsA- Hematoxylin and eosin: to illustrate any changes like cellular infiltration, foam cells, and thickening changes in arterial walls.B- Alcian blue: to study glycosaminoglycans distribution in vessel wall.C- Masson trichrome: to study collagen distribution as related to smooth muscle cells.D- Modified Taenzer-unna Orcein method: to study elasticity and corrugation of fibers.Experimental design: The study was performed in two partsThe first partRats were fed chow diet supplemented with 3% saturated fatty acid 1%cholestrol and 0.5% cholic acid, and 0.01% thiouracil for four months. Subsequently received alloxan; 150 mg/ kg, IP(1 dose), after. Acclimatization, rats were categorized as follow:Group (1): Hypercholesterolemic hyperglycemic rats receivedenalaprilGroup (2): Hypercholesterolemic hyperglycemic rats receivedlosartanGroup (3): Hypercholesterolemi hyperglycemic rats receivedcatechinGroup (4): Hypercholesterolemic hyperglycemic rats receivedenalapril and losartanGroup (5): Hypercholesterolemic hyperglycemic rats receivedenalapril, losartan and catechinTreatment regimen was continued for 4 and 8 weeks